Prunus avium (cherry) and Prunus cerasus (sour cherry) are deciduous trees of the Rosaceae family. While P. avium is a large diploid species with sweet fruit, P. cerasus is smaller, often self-pollinating tetraploid with sour fruit. Their interspecific hybrids (P. × gondouinii), known as cherry-sour cherries or sweet sour cherries, exhibit intermediate characteristics. The fruit is a drupe. Nutritionally, they differ in the ratio of sugars (dominant in cherries) and organic acids (predominant in sour cherries), with both species being a source of potassium and fiber. Their phytochemical profile is defined by high levels of anthocyanins (especially cyanidin-3-rutinoside), which provide strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity (used, for example, in gout). Sour cherries are also a unique natural source of melatonin, which regulates the sleep cycle.
Cherry rootstocks:
GiSelA 5
Ideal for intensive dense plantings and small gardens, as it significantly reduces tree growth. Ensures extremely early fruiting and high fruit set in the first years after planting.
GiSelA 6
Compared to G5, it is more vigorous, which means it anchors better in the soil and is less demanding in terms of irrigation and pruning. However, it retains the advantage of early fruiting and high fruit quality.
Maxma 14
A semi-dwarf rootstock that anchors well and, unlike others, tolerates heavier soils and higher calcium content. It promotes large fruit production, early fruiting, and is resistant to chlorosis.
GiSelA 12
Suitable for poorer soil conditions and weaker growing varieties, to which it provides the necessary vitality. Despite its more vigorous growth, it retains early fruiting, high productivity, and good health.
Prunus mahaleb
Intended primarily for dry and cold areas, it can handle a variety of conditions. Thanks to its deep root system, it is highly resistant to drought, ensuring the longevity of trees and good stability without the need for support.
